Organ models
Each model reproduces some of an organ and omits the rest. These pages set out what is faithfully modelled, what is missing, and which questions the model can therefore be trusted to answer.
In this section
Model
Brain organoids
Self-organized cortical-like tissue: what develops, what does not, and why maturation is the binding constraint.
Model
Liver organoids
Metabolic and toxicological readouts, and how far they predict human hepatotoxicity.
Model
Kidney organoids
Nephron-like structures, off-target cell types, and what that means for injury models.
Constraint
The vascularization problem
Why organ models stop growing at a millimetre, and the approaches trying to get past it.